Question

In a type of apomixis known as adventive embryony, embryos develop directly from
A. Nucellus or integument
B. Zygote
C. Synergies or antipodals of embryo sac
D. Accessory embryo sacs in the ovule

Answer 1

The process of formation of the embryonic development without fertilization is known as adventive embryony. The embryo does not develop from the reproductive cells or the gametes.

Complete answer:
An embryo is an initial stage of development of a multicellular organism.
- Organisms that reproduce sexually embryonic development are seen in them.
- Embryonic development refers to the part of the life cycle that begins just after fertilization and continues through the formation of body structures, such as tissues and organs.
- So, Adventive embryony is the process of the embryonic development without fertilization which means the embryo does not develop from the reproductive cells or the gametes.
- They may develop from the nucellus or integumentary cells.

Nucellus or integument cells: It is the central cellular mass of the body of the ovule, containing the embryo sac.

Zygote: After the union of sperms and egg known as fertilization, zygote is formed.
Synergies or antipodal cells: The three haploid cells in the mature embryo sac of flowering plants that are situated at the opposite end to the micropyle.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: Apomixis is defined by Hans Winker. It is defined as the replacement of normal sexual reproduction by the asexual reproduction without the involvement of fertilization and without the involvement of meiosis. Apomixis has a high importance because it provides the seed progeny which are exactly the same copy of the mother plant. It also helps in preservation of good characters. It helps in the production of hybrid seeds.