Question

In a polarized membrane, what is the charge just inside the membrane?

Answer 1

The nerves pass the signal from dendrites to an axon that leads to the charging of the membrane and leads to the transmission of the signal. The resting membrane is also known as the polarized membrane of a neuron.

Complete answer:
The nerves transmit the signal from dendrites to an axon that leads to the charging of the membrane. The resting membrane is also known as a polarized membrane and when the signal starts transmitting the membrane changes to depolarized state. The axon consists of some charges that are large in number inside the nerve known as intracellular ions and on the other hand the ions that are found in large quantities outside the membrane are known as the extracellular ions. Sodium and chloride ions are found abundantly in the extracellular matrix, whereas potassium is found inside the membrane. The important point of a polarized membrane is that the membrane is permeable to potassium ions. So it leads to leakage of potassium ions outside the membrane. This leads to more positive ions outside the membrane, whereas in the depolarized state the voltage-gated and sodium-potassium pump gets opened this leads to just opposite charging of the membrane from the polarized state.
So, in the polarized membrane or resting membrane, the charge just inside the membrane is negative as the potassium ions that are present intracellular leaks outside the membrane and the proteins that are present inside the membrane consist of negative charge resulting in the negative charge.

Note:
The nerve signal that is transmitted by axon can be either saltatory in nature in myelinated neurons or it can be non-saltatory conduction in an unmyelinated neuron. The myelinated neurons transmit signals very fastly and are mostly present in the human’s nervous system.