Question

In a person, the lower jaw protrudes out causing inability of the person to speak. Name the disease. How is it caused?

Answer 1

This is a medical condition which causes the teeth of the lower jaw to cover the upper teeth in such a manner that adversely affects breathing, appearance, speaking, biting and chewing. It can give a person an angry or unusual appearance.

Complete answer:
A condition in which a person's jaw protrudes out causing difficulty in biting, chewing and speaking, known as prognathism. This is sometimes called Habsburg jaw or extended chin. Prognathism is basically a structural abnormality of the face that causes a noticeable protrusion of either the upper or lower jaw. Prognathism can cause an overbite or underbite depending on which jaw is affected. Typically, prognathism refers to the lower jaw protruding out more than usual.

There are several different types of prognathism:
-Mandibular prognathism (lower jaw protrudes)
-Maxillary prognathism (upper jaw protrudes)
-Bimaxillary prognathism (both upper and lower jaws protrudes)

Additional information:
Some possible causes of prognathism are as following:-
-Hereditary factors like family history of protruding or abnormal jaws. Some people are born with a larger jaw that’s genetically inherited and many people may have a prognathic face from birth, and it may not be a problem.
-A genetic disorder, such as Down Syndrome or some medical conditions.
-Acromegaly: This condition occurs when your body produces too much growth hormone. This causes the protrusion of the lower jaw.
-Basal cell nevus syndrome: It is a rare inherited condition that causes prognathism in some cases.
-Acrodysostosis:- It is also a rare congenital condition that affects growth of bones. People with this condition tend to have small upper jaws, which cause the lower jaw to appear larger than normal.

Note: Prognathism affects people of all ages. In children, it can cause long-term problems with speech, such as the inability to pronounce certain words properly or the development of noticeable lips.
When permanent teeth come out, prognathism can cause them to grow in an inappropriate direction.
-Prognathism can cause a condition called malocclusion of the teeth (Misaligned teeth), which happens when your teeth aren’t aligned properly.
-Misaligned teeth are harder to clean than properly aligned teeth, which increases risk of gum disease and tooth decay.
-Prognathism can cause complications that may require Orthodontic treatment that is used to correct the malocclusion, or misalignment, of the jaws.