Question

In a biology lecture, the teacher was dictating the organelles of a cell, an endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, nucleus, ribosome, centriole and centrosome. Which of the following cells was she referring to?
A. Prokaryotic cell
B. Plant cell
C. Animal cell
D. Data insufficient

Answer 1

The study of cell structure and function is cell biology, and it revolves around the notion that the cell is the fundamental unit of life. A thorough understanding of the tissues and organisms that compose cells is enabled by concentrating on the cell. A single cell, such as a bacterium or yeast, is also a complete organism in itself.

Complete answer:
• Cell (plasma) membrane-a thin, semi-permeable membrane that encloses its contents across a cell's cytoplasm.
• Centrioles- cylindrical structures that during cell division coordinate the assembly of microtubules.
• Cytoplasm- gel-like material inside the cell.
• Endoplasmic Reticulum-a comprehensive membrane network consisting of both ribosome regions (rough ER) and ribosome-free regions (smooth ER).
• This structure, also referred to as the Golgi apparatus, is responsible for the processing, storage and shipping of certain cellular items.
• Lysosomes-sacs of enzymes that digest macromolecules such as nucleic acids from cells.
• Nucleus- membrane bound structure containing the genetic details of the cell.
• Mitochondria- components of the cells that produce energy for the cell and are the cellular respiration sites.
• Ribosomes-Ribosomes, which consist of RNA and proteins, are responsible for protein assembly.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Generally, animal cells are smaller than plant cells. Its irregular form is another distinguishing feature. The lack of a cell wall is responsible for this. But since both have evolved from eukaryotic cells, animal cells share other cellular organelles with plant cells. Chloroplasts are deficient in animal cells. As they play a significant role in releasing energy, mitochondria are the powerhouse of a cell.