Question

In 1928, a scientist discovered the first effective antibiotic. What is the scientist's name and what was the antibiotic he discovered?
(a)Fleming- streptomycin
(b)Fleming- penicillin
(c)Waksman- penicillin
(d)Waksman- streptomycin

Answer 1

It was discovered accidentally by this scientist when his petri dishes got contaminated by penicillium moulds during his vacation. He saw that it had the ability to kill bacteria growing on his culture media.

Complete answer:
Penicillin (PCN or pen) is a group of antibiotics derived from common moulds known as Penicillium moulds, including penicillin G (intravenous use), penicillin V (use by mouth), procaine penicillin, and benzathine penicillin (intramuscular use). Penicillin antibiotics were among the first drugs to be effective against multiple bacterial infections caused by staphylococci and streptococci. They are still commonly used today, although many forms of bacteria have established resistance after extensive usage.
Penicillin was discovered in 1928 by the Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming. People started using penicillin to treat infections in 1942. There are many improved penicillin families that are effective against additional bacteria, including penicillins, aminopenicillins and antipseudomonal penicillins. They're derived from the Penicillium fungi.

Additional Information: Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic developed by Streptomyces griseus. It works by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit of susceptible species and by disrupting the initiation and elongation of protein synthesis. It is bacterial due to causes that are not completely known.
The discovery of streptomycin by Albert Schatz while working in the Waksman laboratory at Rutgers University in New Jersey.
So, the correct answer is ‘fleming- penicillin’.

Note: -Alexander Fleming was studying the properties of Staphylococci in 1928. One day, he found that the culture of Staphylococci had been infected with fungus and that the colonies of the culture surrounding the fungus had been destroyed.
-Fleming developed the mould in pure culture and found that it created a material that destroyed a number of disease-causing bacteria. He described the mould (fungus) as being from the genus of Penicillium and named the substance produced by Penicillin. It studied its positive antibacterial effect on many species and noted that it affected bacteria such as Staphylococci and many other Gram-positive pathogens that cause scarlet fever, pneumonia, meningitis, diphtheria, but not typhoid fever caused by Gram-negative bacteria.