Question

If a new name is given by scientists, then the old name proposed by other scientists, then
A. Any of the names can be considered
B. The new name proposed should not match the previous name
C. All the names are used
D. The name which is accepted by ICBN or ICZN is first accepted

Answer 1

Nomenclature is significant in that it provides a universally accepted name for each species and thereby avoids the confusions, problems and difficulties caused by the vernacular or local names of organisms. Local names are different in different languages, and also in the different parts of the world.

Complete step by step answer: Nomenclature literally means to call by name. Biological nomenclature is the scientific system of naming the taxonomic or taxa that are recognized in classification. In other words, it is the formal naming of taxa in a scheme of classification. Nomenclature is therefore an adjunct or secondary outcome of classification.
Local names are actually confusing in that the same organism may be known by different names, and also in that different organisms may be known by the same name in different geographical regions. Since biological nomenclature follows some internationally accepted criteria, principles and codes of law, the scientific name of species, or that of a higher taxon, would be the same all over the world. The rules of the nomenclature, however, are not directly based on the phylogenetic considerations or the principle of classification.
Binomial nomenclature is the standard system of naming species by giving two part names. According to it, the name of species is a binary combination of two different names. The first name is the generic name and it has an initial capital letter. The second name is the specific name and it has an initial small letter. Both these names are Latin or latinized and are printed in italics.
The basic requirements for the biological nomenclature are the stability, uniqueness and universality of names. Stability is the constancy of the names, free from frequent changes and substitution in time and space. Frequent change of names would cause a great deal of confusion. So, the scientific names of species and other taxa must remain unchanged at least over a long period of time.
Uniqueness is the extreme specificity of a scientific name in the sense that it is related only to a specific taxon, and no other taxon can have it.
Universality of biological nomenclature means that a particular species or any other taxon is known only by the same scientific name all over the world. This implies that scientific names must be universally acceptable.
If a new name is given by scientists, then there is the old name proposed by other scientists, then the new name proposed should not match with the previous name. But there is a principle of priority. It holds that the valid name of a taxon is the first properly published one, whenever two or more names are assigned to the same taxon by different workers. To put in popular parlance, it is the law of “ first come, first serve” or “let the prior name prevail”.
Priority is applied only when the author of the original description has interpreted his material correctly and published the name in accordance with the rules set forth in the international code of nomenclature.
So, here the correct answer is option B.

Note: The ICZN consists of the rules, regulations and recommendations accepted by the international Commission of Zoological Nomenclature, which was formed in 1910. The ICZN was first adopted in 1958 by the XV International Zoological Congress , held in London. The first edition of the code was published in 1961 by the International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London. The revised and re- codified second edition was published in 1964, the third edition in 1985, and the fourth edition in 1999, all with amendments.