Question

If a fungal thallus has both male and female reproductive structures, it will be called
(a)Heterothallic
(b)Homothallic
(c)Dioecious
(d)Monoecious

Answer 1

Thallus is the entire body of a multicellular organism that is non-moving and has no organization of tissues into the organs. they do not consist of distinct parts such as leaves, roots, and stems and consist of vascular plants that have analogous structures.

Complete answer:
A fungal thallus that has both male and female reproductive structures is called monoecious. The thallus of fungi is known as mycelium which is used to refer to the vegetative body of a lichen and is known as frond in a seaweed. In terms of the anatomy of the thallus is largely undifferentiated and can be visible by differences and functional differences. It is divided into three regions in kelp which includes the holdfast, stipe, and the blades for anchoring, supporting the blades, and for photosynthesis respectively. Each plant constitutes both male and female flowers in monoecious plant and some have blooms which are bisexual. These species bear both sperm and egg on the same gametophyte and produce gametes by mitosis so that the sperm and eggs are genetically identical with their parent gametophyte. The monoecious plants are referred to as perfect plants as they contain both male and female flowers on the same plant and only need one plant to obtain fruit.

Additional information:
Heterothallic: The sexes in these species require compatible partners for the production of sexual spores are present in different individuals which are capable of performing sexual reproduction from a single organism. The organisms contribute nuclei by two different individuals to form a zygote. If the heterothallism is controlled by multiple alleles at a single locus besides a pair of alleles it is referred to as bipolar multiple allele heterothallism which estimates at least a hundred alleles present on each locus.
Homothallic: A single organism that reproduces sexually constituting male and female reproductive structures on the same thallus is referred to as homothallic. Fungi are capable of producing individual spore by sexually reproducing colonies when propagated in isolation. It takes place in fungi by a variety of genetically distinct mechanisms which results in sexually reproducing cultures from a single cell.
Dioecious: This reproduction promotes allogamy that is outcrossing of species and is biparental which excludes self-fertilization and reduces the expression of recessive mutations that are present in a population. The male and female reproductive structures are present on separate plants and occur in a wide variety of plant species. It is more common in Woody plants and heterotrophic species with certain algae.

So, the correct answer is 'Monoecious'.

Note: Fungi can cure diseases such as the antibiotic which is penicillin. They are important for the cycle of nutrients in the environment and act as a main decompose of organic matter. Some of them are toxic and can be deadly and can last long for a long time.