Question

Identify the correct pair of characters with reference to Pteris.
(I) Neck canal cell is uninucleated.
(II) Stem grows vertically in the soil.
(III) Apogamous produced sporophytes are haploids.
(IV) Open dichotomous venation in leaflets.

The correct answer is
A) (II), (IV)
B) (III), (IV)
C) (I), (II)
D) (I), (III)

Answer 1

The primary process in the life cycle of Pteris is the sporophyte. The root, rhizomatous leaves and stems are divided into the central sporophytic plant body.

Complete answer:
First we should know about Myrmecophily to answer this question. In the subfamily Pteridaceae belong to the family Pteridaceae, Pteris (brake) is a genus of around 300 fern species. They are endemic to the world's tropical and subtropical zones.
Now, let us find the solution from the options-
- At a central Florida location, the fern was developing, polluted with massive quantities of copper arsenate present in the soil. Most leaves are fertile, excluding the apices of its segments, bearing sori across the ventral margin of pinnae. Thus, option A is not the correct option.
- The leaves are located on the rhizome's upper surface. The leaves are curving coiled when young and exhibit circular vernation characteristic of true ferns. The leaves are unipinnate or multipennate with a long rachis decompound or compound.
- The neck consists of a single lined jacket with four vertical rows of cells and 4 cells in each row. Dikaryotic neck canal cell is found. Slender, black, wiry roots derive from the ventral side of the Rhizome or all around the surface. Thus, option C is not the correct option.

- To create 12 mother spore cells, the main sporogenous cell splits. In order to create haploid spores, the spore mother cells meiotically separate, while the tapetal cells disorganized and supply the spores with nutrients. Thus, option D is not the correct option.

Thus, the correct answer is option (B) (III) and (IV).

Note: The sclerenchymatous inner cortex and cortex are separated into a parenchymatous outer cortex. With exarch and diarch xylem, the stele is protostelic.