Question

Identify the correct difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms.
1. Gymnosperms do not form fruit, angiosperm form fruit.
2. Gymnosperms have naked seeds, angiosperms have enclosed seeds.
3. Gymnosperms are dicots, all angiosperms are monocots.
4. Gymnosperms are phanerogams, angiosperms are not phanerogams.
A. 1, 2
B. 2, 3
C. 3, 4
D. 1, 4

Answer 1

Phanerogams is the alternative word of seed plants. All gymnosperms and angiosperms are seed plants. Both can produce seeds. Dicot and monocot are the types of angiosperms.

Complete answer:
- The gymnosperms are plants in which the seeds are not surrounded by any ovarian wall and remain exposed both before and after fertilization. The seeds that grow after fertilization are not hidden, i.e. they are naked.
- Gymnosperms are medium-sized trees or tall trees and shrubs. Generally, the roots are tap roots. The roots are either unbranched or branched. The leaves are either plain or compound. The leaves in the gymnosperms are well suited to survive extremes of temperature, humidity and wind.
- In angiosperms or flowering plants, pollen grains and ovules grow in complex structures called flowers. The seeds are wrapped in fruits in angiosperms.
- Angiosperms are an extraordinarily diverse group of plants with a wide variety of ecosystems. They range in height from the smallest Wolffia to tall Eucalyptus trees. They are classified into two classes: the dicotyledons and the monocotyledons.
- The dicotyledons are distinguished by seeds having two cotyledons, reticulate veins in the leaves, and tetramerous or pentamerous flowers, i.e. having four or five members in each floral whorl.
- The monocotyledonous seeds, on the other hand, are distinguished by single dicotyledonous seeds, parallel veining in leaves, and trimerous flowers having three members in each floral whorl.

Thus, the correct answer is option A. i.e., 1, 2.

Note: Gymnosperms are those plants whose seeds are naked and angiosperms are those plants whose seeds are covered by fruits. Angiosperms and gymnosperms are seed producing plants.