Question

Identify the acid and the base from which sodium chloride is obtained ?

Answer 1

An acid is a substance that can donate protons and base is the substance that can donate hydroxyl ions. An acid and base react to form salt and water. The proton in water has come from acid and the hydroxyl ion from base. The Sodium chloride has formula NaCl. By breaking the salt and water and then rejoining the cation from one molecule to anion from another will form the reactant acid and base.

Complete Solution :
We know that an acid and base react to form salt and water. The Sodium chloride has formula NaCl. It can be broken into two parts as - $N{a^ + }$ and $C{l^ - }$.
These parts come from acid and base. With the salt, water is also formed that has formula ${H_2}O$. The water can also be broken into ${H^ + }$ and $O{H^ - }$.

Now, let us combine the cation of one with anion of another. This will give us the reactant acid and base that lead to the formation of sodium chloride.
$N{a^ + } + O{H^ - } \to NaOH$
${H^ + } + C{l^ - } \to HCl$
So, the HCl is the acid and the NaOH is the base which has reacted to give sodium chloride.

Note: It must be noted that an acid is a substance that can donate protons and base is the substance that can donate hydroxyl ions. In terms of electrons, an acid has the ability to accept electrons and the base has the ability to donate electrons.