Question

Identify A which contains 12 protons and 10 electrons. What can you conclude from the given statement?
a) A is an ion derived from an atom of a non-metal and its charge -2
b) A is anion derived from an atom of a metal and its charge is -2.
c) A is an ion derived from an atom of a non-metal and its charge is +2.
d) A is an ion derived from an atom of a metal and its charge is +2

Answer 1

Hint : A positively charged nucleus is surrounded by one or more negatively charged particles known as electrons in an atom. Because the positive and negative charges cancel out, the atom has no overall charge and is electrically neutral. All atoms have electrically charged electrons and protons, with electrons being negatively charged and protons being positively charged. When an atom picks up an additional electron, it becomes negatively imbalanced and hence has a negative charge.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
A proton is a subatomic particle with the sign p or p+ with a mass slightly less than a neutron. It has a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge and a mass slightly less than a neutron. Protons and neutrons, each with a mass of around one atomic mass unit, are referred to together as "nucleons." Subatomic particles with an elementary charge of -1 are known as electrons. The charge held by an electron is the same as the charge held by a proton (but has an opposite sign). As a result, electrically neutral atoms/molecules must have the same number of protons and electrons.
Magnesium (Mg) is the lightest structural metal and one of the alkaline-earth metals of Group 2 (IIa) of the periodic table. Magnesium (Mg) is a chemical element with the atomic number 12 and the symbol Mg. It's a gleaming grey solid that looks a lot like the other five elements in the second column of the periodic table (group 2, or alkaline earth metals): they all have the same electron configuration in the outer electron shell and a similar crystal structure.
Hence A resembles Magnesium.
10 electrons means that it has lost 2 electrons.
Hence the element A is $M{g^{2 + }}$ .

Note :
Magnesium is only found in nature in conjunction with other elements, and it always has a +2 oxidation state. The free element (metal) may be synthesised chemically and is extremely reactive (albeit it is covered in a thin layer of oxide in the environment, which somewhat suppresses reactivity - see passivation). The liberated metal emits a distinctive brilliant-white light.