Question

Hypophysis is an alternative name for
A. Thyroid gland
B. Pituitary gland
C. Thymus gland
D. Pineal gland

Answer 1

A small bean-shaped endocrine gland located in the brain is called hypophysis. The hormones secreted by the hypophysis play an important role in the regulation of various activities of the human body.

Complete answer:
Thyroid glands, also called thyroid, consist of two connected lobes present in the neck. The thyroid gland is placed at the front of the neck below Adam’s apple. The two lobes of the thyroid gland are connected by a thin band of tissue called the thyroid isthmus.
-Pituitary gland is a common name used for hypophysis. The pituitary gland or hypophysis is a ductless endocrine gland that releases its secretion directly into the bloodstream. The pituitary gland is named hypophysis as it is placed under the hypothalamus that is the base of the brain. The pituitary gland is considered a master gland as it secretes hormones that regulate the control of secretion of other important hormones by the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and reproductive glands.
-A small organ placed behind the breastbone is called the thymus gland. It coordinates the important function of both the endocrine system and the immune system of the body. The thymus gland produces T cells which is an important factor in the immune system of the body.
-A small endocrine gland in the brain which regulates the function of secretion of serotonin is called the pineal gland. The pineal gland is also called conarium or epiphysis cerebri.

So, option B is the correct option.

Note: The pituitary gland is divided into two lobes called anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary. The anterior pituitary is called adenohypophysis as it has the character of an epithelial gland and the posterior pituitary is called neurohypophysis as the posterior pituitary is nervous tissue.