Question

Hydra reproduces by budding. This is an example of
A. Asexual reproduction
B. Sexual reproduction
C. Regeneration
D. Parthenocarpy

Answer 1

Hydra belongs to Coelenterata and can undergo both sexual and asexula reproduction. Budding in Hydra is very common in which a single Hydra is capable of producing duplicate daughter Hydra which like its clones.

Complete answer:
Budding is very common in Yeast and Hydra. This is a process of asexual reproduction that includes development of new organisms from asmall part of the parent organism. A bud-like structure starts growing on the body of the organisms like Hydra which after some time detaches and forms a new organism leaving a mark on the parent body. Regenerative cells are used in the formation of buds which expand as a bud due to unlimited cell divisions at a particular place on the body of the organism.
Hydra is a freshwater organism which has a tubular structure divided into head, distal end and foot. It develops bud on its body by repeated mitotic cell division because of which the bud expands and absorbs nutrients from the parent, matures and detaches and grows as an individual. It also undergoes sexual reproduction when the unfavourable conditions like cold weather arise during which the buds develop into either testes or ovary. testes then releases free floating sperms which are received by the ovary of some other Hydra in close proximity.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Additional information:
-Regeneration is not meant for reproduction but for the replacement of organs, cells, tissues and sometimes body parts that are lost or damaged. Almost all organisms possess the power of regeneration at different levels as in human body parts cannot be regenerated like in Hydra or lizards.
-Parthenogenesis is the process of development of egg into embryo without any fertilization (neither internal nor external) because of which it comes under asexual reproduction. This is common in many plants, aphids, bees, amphibians, fishes and reptiles.
-Other types of asexual reproduction involve binary fission in which a single cell divide into two (common in bacteria), vegetative propagation which is seen in plants, spore formation like in algae and fungi and fragmentation which is common in start fish which leads to the development of complete organism from a fragment obtained from the body of parent organism.

Note: As budding is a from of asexual reproduction it does not involve any exchange of genetic material due to which the offspring are exactly similar to their parent genotypically and phenotypically. Such offspring produced by asexual reproduction are known as clones.