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Question: Hybridization of \[{\text{CH}}_3^ - \] is A) \[s{p^3}\] B) \[s{p^2}\] C) \[sp\] D) \[ds{p^2}...

Hybridization of CH3−{\text{CH}}_3^ - is
A) sp3s{p^3}
B) sp2s{p^2}
C) spsp
D) dsp2ds{p^2}

Explanation

Solution

We will determine the steric number of the central atom. Steric number is the sum of the number of lone pairs of electrons and the number of bond pairs of electrons present around the central metal atom. Then we will determine the hybridization and geometry associated with that steric number.

Complete answer:
We will obtain the CH3−{\text{CH}}_3^ - anion when We remove a proton from methane molecule (CH4)\left( {{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_4}} \right). The bond pair of electrons of carbon-hydrogen bond of methane remains with the carbon atom. Due to this, the carbon atom in CH3−{\text{CH}}_3^ - anion has three carbon-hydrogen sigma covalent bonds, one lone pair of electrons and a negative charge.

Each covalent bond corresponds to a bond pair of electrons. Thus, CH3−{\text{CH}}_3^ - anion has three bond pairs of electrons and one lone pair of electrons. The steric number for carbon atoms is 4. The steric number of 4 is associated with sp3s{p^3} hybridization and tetrahedral electron pair geometry. The ionic geometry will be pyramidal.

The steric number, the type of hybridization, the electron pair geometry and the ionic/molecular geometry of CH3−{\text{CH}}_3^ - ion is similar to that of an ammonia molecule.
In the ammonia molecule (NH3)\left( {{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_3}} \right) , the central nitrogen atom has one lone pair of electrons and three bond pairs of electrons as three nitrogen-hydrogen covalent bonds. The central nitrogen atom is sp3s{p^3} hybridized with tetrahedral electron pair geometry and pyramidal molecular geometry.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A). Hybridization of CH3−{\text{CH}}_3^ - is sp3s{p^3}

Note: The steric number is the total number of bond pairs of electrons and lone pairs of electrons present around the central atom in the molecule/ion. The steric number is helpful in the determination of the geometry and the type of hybridization.