Question

How would you use the periodic table to identify the atomic number, atomic mass and number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of neon $\left( Ne \right)$ ?

Answer 1

Hint : We know that atomic number is the identification of every element. None of the two elements have the same atomic number. The elements in the periodic table are arranged on the basis of increasing atomic number.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Let’s learn about atoms in detail. Atoms are the smallest unit of any matter. There are three subatomic particles of atoms namely, proton, electron and neutron. The nucleus is the center of atoms. Protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus and electrons are present in orbits surrounding the nucleus. The proton is positively charged, the neutron is neutral and the electron is negatively charged. Atomic number of elements is the number of protons present in the nucleus.
And the Periodic Table will tell you that for Neon gas, $Z=10$ , i.e. there are $10$ positively charged particles in the neon nucleus. If there are $10$ nuclear charges, there must be $10$ electronic charges, because neon is a neutral gas (as is all of matter).
The symbol also quotes the atomic mass, $20.180\cdot amu$ since electrons have negligible mass the neon atom MUST contain 10 other heavy particles, and these are neutrons, located in the atomic nucleus.
Let’s learn about the mass number. The summation of the number of protons and neutrons of an atom gives the mass number. It is symbolically represented by ‘A’. So, the formula to calculate nuclear charge or mass number is, Mass number $=$ Number of protons $+$ number of neutrons.

Note :
It is to be remembered that an element is represented chemically by using both the atomic number and mass number. The chemical representation of an element X is , where A is mass number and Z is atomic number