Question

How would you distinguish between $Z{{n}^{2+}}\;and\;P{{b}^{2+}}$ and using ammonium hydroxide solution?

Answer 1

Ammonium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula $N{{H}_{4}}OH$. It is a basic solution with pH around 11.6. The salinity and the temperature affects the proportion of $N{{H}_{4}}^{+}$. It has a highly pungent odour. It is a colourless liquid. It is miscible in water.

Complete step by step answer:
$Z{{n}^{2+}}$ion is divalent cation. It is monatomic dictation. Zinc cation is a Copper Absorption Inhibitor. Zinc ions are used as charge carriers in zinc ion batteries. When zinc ions are added to the ammonium hydroxide solution a white precipitate is formed of $Zn{{(OH)}_{2}}$ which gets further dissolved in excess of ammonium hydroxide. The other test for zinc is that we can pass the hydrogen sulphide gas over the solution, a white precipitate will form. Then dissolve the precipitate in concentrated hydrochloric acid and boil it. Then addition of potassium ferrocyanide takes place. Then a bluish white precipitate is formed which shows the confirmation of zinc ion.
Lead ion is also a divalent ion with monatomic dictation. It has a role as a cofactor. When lead ion is added to ammonium hydroxide solution a precipitate of $Pb{{(OH)}_{2}}$ is formed which does not dissolve in excess ammonium hydroxide solution. The other test for lead ion is that if hydrogen sulphide and hydrochloric acid is added to the solution a black colour precipitate is formed. Then potassium iodide solution is added to it which confirms the lead ion presence with yellow colour precipitate formation.

Note: Lead is bluish white colour metal. It is lustrous, soft, malleable and ductile. It has resistance to corrosion but gets tarnished on exposure to air. Zinc is also a lustrous bluish white metal. It has the ability to get ductile and malleable when it is heated between the temperature of ${{110}^{o}}C\;to\;{{150}^{o}}C$