Question

How would you describe the major differences between mitosis and meiosis?

Answer 1

Mitosis creates offspring cells that are genetically identical to each other and to their parents. Meiosis creates cells that are genetically separate from each other and from the parent cell. Mitosis is a division event that produces two cells from one parent. Meiosis, on the other hand, produces four new child cells with two divisions, each with half of its parent's genetic material.

Complete answer:
Cell reproduction gives rise to the next generation in single-celled organisms. Cell division happens in multicellular creatures for a variety of reasons, including expansion and the replacement of worn-out cells inside the organisms.

Cell division is always tightly controlled and follows a carefully choreographed sequence of events. Cytokinesis is the process of dividing a cell in half, whereas mitosis and meiosis are two other types of nuclear division.

Difference between mitosis and meiosis are-

Mitosis	Meiosis
Involves one cell division.	Involve two successive cell divisions.
Results in two daughter cells.	Results in four daughter cells.
Results in diploid daughter cells (chromosome number remain the same as the parent cell).	Results in the haploid daughter cell (chromosome number is half from the parent cell).
Daughter cells are genetically identical.	Daughter cells are genetically different.
Occur in all organisms except viruses.	Occurs only in animals, plants and fungi.
Create all body cells (somatic) apart from the germ cells (eggs and sperm).	Create germ cells (eggs and sperm) only.
Prophase is much shorter.	Prophase I takes much longer.
In the metaphase , individual chromosomes (pairs of chromatids) line up along the equator.	In metaphase I pairs of chromosomes line up along the equator.
No recombination/crossing over occurs in prophase.	Involves recombination/crossing over of chromosomes in prophase I.
During anaphase, the sister chromatids are separated into opposite poles.	During anaphase I the sister chromatids move together to the same pole, During anaphase II the sister chromatids are separated into opposite poles.

Overview of Mitosis
Mitosis is a continual cell division process that occurs in all living cells.
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase are the four basic phases of mitosis.
Asexual reproduction happens during mitosis, which is the process of cell division.
The nuclear membrane is broken down during mitosis, and spindle fibres (microtubules) attach to the chromatids at the centromere and pull them apart.
The spindle fibres disintegrate as the chromatids approach opposite ends of the cell, and a nuclear membrane forms around the chromosomes, forming two nuclei.
Each nucleus is the same as the original nucleus from G1.

Overview of Meiosis
Meiosis is a type of nuclear cell division that produces daughter cells with half the amount of chromosomes as the parent cell.
The end result of haploid cells in diploid organisms is haploid cells. Each daughter cell receives one complete set of chromosomes, i.e. one of each homologous pair.
This reduces the number of chromosomes from 46 to 23 in humans.
The only cells that go through meiosis are sperm and eggs.
When a sperm and an egg fertilise each other, the number of chromosomes is reduced to 46.

Similarities Meiosis is the process that occurs between Mitosis and Meiosis.
Both mitosis and meiosis occur in the nucleus of cells, which may be seen under a microscope.
Both mitosis and meiosis are cell division processes.
Both activities take place during the cell cycle's M phase. Metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and prophase are the usual stages in both cycles.
DNA synthesis takes place in both cycles.

Note:
The distinction between Mitosis and Meiosis is clear. They are two distinct processes that serve two distinct purposes. All living species require meiosis for genetic variety and continuation. Mitosis, on the other hand, is concerned with cell formation and expansion. In germline cells, meiosis is also vital for the correction of genetic abnormalities.