Question

How will you separate
A.Cream from milk
B.Mustard oil from water
C.Alcohol from water

Answer 1

We can see that given substance forms mixture. We can separate mixtures using various kinds of separation techniques. Some of the methods of separating mixtures are handpicking, sieving, distillation, magnetic separation etc.

Complete step by step answer:
We can call the process of separation of cream from milk as demulsification. Demulsification involves the breaking of an emulsion to two separate liquid layers and we can achieve this through the process of centrifugation. We can separate cream from milk using the process of centrifugation.

The mixture of mustard oil from water is an immiscible liquid. We can separate mustard oil from water using a funnel. We use a separating funnel to segregate two immiscible liquids. The mechanism involves taking advantage of the unequal density of the particles present in the mixture. We can use separate oil and water with this technique. The mixture of water and mustard oil is kept in the separating funnel. The compound that has higher density would come down first. The liquid that contains low density float, and we can collect the upper liquid in another beaker.

We can separate the mixture of alcohol from water using fractional distillation. Fractional distillation is the process by which we can separate alcohol from water on the basis of difference between boiling points of the respective constituents by distillation. Distillation is boiling and then condensing. We use a fractionating column for separating the components of alcohol from water. We know that the boiling point of alcohol is less than that of water. The mixture of alcohol and water is heated and the alcohol evaporates because of its low boiling point. Then the vapor is permitted to condensed and cooled. The liquid we get after this step is collected in a beaker. This liquid is the alcohol. The same procedure is repeated for water. Now both the liquids are separated.

Note:
We must remember that some of the chemical methods of separation of absorption, stripping, oxidation, distillation, crystallization.
We know that a mixture of different types of hydrocarbons in large numbers is Petroleum. Alkanes (paraffin), cycloalkanes (naphthalenes), asphaltenes, aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene are some chemicals present in hydrocarbons. We can isolate these chemicals by the process of fractional distillation. Paraffin, lubricating oil, wax, fuel oil, gasoline, kerosene, and petroleum gas are the products obtained from petroleum. Based on their boiling point, we can separate the products from petroleum. The compounds that have low boiling point are isolated first. The important compounds of petroleum are LPG, petrol, kerosene.