Question

How to prepare a $1N$ $HCl$ solution in $100ml$ ?

Answer 1

To solve this question, we have to use the normality equation. From the normality equation, we can say that the product of normality and volume of the reacting acid and base is equal. Normality is described as the number of gram or mole equivalents of solute present in one liter of a solution.
Formula used: ${N_1}{V_1} = {N_2}{V_2}$
Where ${N_1} =$ Normality of the given acidic solution
${V_1} =$ Volume of the given acidic solution
${N_2} =$ Normality of the given basic solution
${V_2} =$ Volume of the given basic solution

Complete answer:
The normality of a solution is the gram equivalent weight of solute per one liter of the solution. It is also known as equivalent concentration. It is the only concentration unit that is reaction dependent. It is mainly used as a measure of reactive species in a given solution and during titrations or in situations involving acid-base chemistry. Titration is the process of gradual addition of a solution of known concentration and volume with another solution whose concentration is unknown until the reaction approaches its neutralization.
We know that the normality of $HCl$ is $12N$
To find the normality of the acid and base titration, we use the following formula:
$\Rightarrow$ ${N_1}{V_1} = {N_2}{V_2}$
Given that:
$\Rightarrow$ ${N_1} = 12N$
$\Rightarrow$ ${N_2} = 1N$
$\Rightarrow$ ${V_2} = 100ml$
Substitute these values in the above formula.
Then we get:
$\Rightarrow$ $12 \times {V_1} = 1 \times 100$
$\Rightarrow$ ${V_1} = 8.33ml$
Therefore, we have to add $8.33ml$ in $100ml$ of water to get $1N$ $HCl$.

Note:
The first step in finding the normality is gathering information about the equivalent weight of the reacting substance. Then the second step is calculating the number of gram equivalents of the given solute. Finally, the normality is calculated using the formula and replacing the values.