Question

How to convert phenol into picric acid?

Answer 1

Alcohol are those compounds which have $OH$ group inside them and ended with the suffix ol it is of two types aromatic and aliphatic alcohols where aliphatic are those which have no ring structure while aromatic have ring along with them.

Complete answer:
Phenol is a type of aromatic alcohol as it have ring like structure and acids are those compounds which have $COOH$ group with them rather than this acids are also termed as those substances which have ${{H}^{+}}$ ions in them.
Phenol is relatively strong acid as compared to other alcohols this can be explained on the basis of resonance effect. Phenol dissociates into water and forms the phenolate anion where we know that anion is that ions which carries negative charge and phenol is able to distribute the negative charge around the molecule due to its resonance structure which makes it more stable.
Phenol which is an aromatic alcohol can be converted into an acid i.e. picric acid when it is treated with hot concentrated sulfuric acid represented by the chemical formula ${{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}$ then yellow colored compound is formed which is known by the name picric acid. The reagent used to convert phenol into picric acid is concentrated nitric acid which is represented by the chemical formula $HN{{O}_{3}}$.
Hence in this we can convert phenol into picric acid.

Note:
Phenol is represented by the chemical formula ${{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}OH$ which is an aromatic alcohol while picric acid is an organic compound which is represented by the chemical formula ${{({{O}_{2}}N)}_{3}}{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{2}}OH$ now there is also $OH$ group inside it but is known as acid due to its bitter taste as we know that acids have bitter taste.