Question

How much voltage can a capacitor store?

Answer 1

A capacitor is a two-terminal electrical component that may store energy in the form of an electric charge. It is made up of two electrical wires separated by a certain distance. The gap between the conductors can be filled with vacuum or a dielectric, which is an insulating substance. Capacitance refers to the capacitor's capacity to hold charges.

Complete step by step answer:
The ratio of a system's change in electric charge to the equivalent change in its electric potential is known as capacitance. Depending on the use, a capacitor's capacitance might be constant or variable. It may appear from the equation that ‘C' is dependent on charge and voltage. Actually, it is dependent on the capacitor's form and size, as well as the insulator employed between the conducting plates. At 1 V, a one farad capacitor holds one coulomb of charge. $6.25 \times {10^{18}}$electrons make up a coulomb. Because one amp equals one coulomb of electrons per second, a one-farad capacitor can store one amp-second of electrons at one volt.
The major distinction between a capacitor and a battery is the energy storage method they use. Unlike batteries, the capacitor's capacity to retain energy is based on its physical construction, which allows it to separate negative and positive charges. Only DC voltage is stored in capacitors. Because AC voltage switches direction on a regular basis, capacitors cannot store it. Because a capacitor alternates between charging and discharging, no energy is stored. When a capacitor is linked to its charging circuit, it stores energy and then releases it when the battery is removed.

Note:
Only the geometry of the design (for example, the area of the plates and the distance between them) and the permittivity of the dielectric material between the plates of the capacitor determine the capacitance. The permittivity, and hence the capacitance, of many dielectric materials is independent of the potential difference between the conductors and the total charge on them.