Question

How much difference is there between the astronaut's mass on Earth and on the moon?

Answer 1

The mass and weight difference will not matter as long as we are under the influence of the same gravitation field. When we move from one gravitation field to another, it will come into the picture. From the earth to the moon or any other planet, for instance.

Complete answer:
It's important to remember that the same thing is not about mass and weight. The quantity of matter that makes up a person or object is mass. Through its interaction with gravity, one way to measure mass is Gravity will pull those two objects together whenever you have two objects of mass. With his law of universal gravitation, Newton quantified this attraction. This leads to the common misconception that mass changes in space, but it is really only the gravitational relationships that change between masses.
$F_{g}=-G \dfrac{M_{1} m_{2}}{r^{2}}$
Looking at this equation, as the mass of the objects rises, we can see that the force of gravity increases. We feel the weight of this attraction. The Earth is much larger than the moon, so the weight of the astronaut would be greater on the Earth than on the moon.

Note:
Since ma is what makes up everything, just by moving an object, it does not change. The gravity of the moon is less than the gravity of the earth, roughly one sixth of the gravity of the earth. So, if the human weight on Earth is 60, then on the Moon it will be 10. Due to the weaker gravitational pull, this happens. This is why when they land on the moon, astronauts feel weightlessness. The phenomenon of weightlessness is also experienced in space, where there is less gravitation compared to the surface of the earth.