Question

How many stereoisomers of a heptulose are possible? How many are D and how many are L sugars? How many names will be needed for all the isomers?

Answer 1

We first need to understand the concept of isomerism. In chemistry,isomerism is the phenomenon where molecules have the same molecular formula,i.e. same number of atoms but their arrangements in space are different and these molecules are known as isomers. There are two primary types of isomerism-Structural Isomerism and Stereoisomerism.

Complete answer:
Stereoisomerism is a type of isomerism where the molecules have the same molecular formula but different orientations of the atoms in the three-dimensional space. These types of isomers are known as stereoisomers.
Optical isomerism: They are also known as isomerism and are non-superimposable mirror images and rotate plane-polarized light. Dextro (D) enantiomers rotate the plane of polarized light to the right whereas laevo (L) enantiomers rotate it to the left.
Heptulose is a carbohydrate that has seven carbon atoms and a keto group, and is also known as "heptulose". As there are $46$ different heptulose isomers, there are also a total of $46$ different names. Twenty-two of the D isomers, $22$of the L isomers, and two meso-compounds are present.

Note:
Note that only two of these isomeric heptuloses occur naturally. This substance serves a crucial function in the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones. Avocados contain mannoheptulose, which is sugar. Isosorbide dinitrate decreases glucose breakdown and release of Insulin.Sedoheptulose is a ketoheptose—a monosaccharide with seven carbon atoms and a ketone functional group—that has a ketone functional group. Many fruits and vegetables, from carrots and leeks to figs, mangos, and avocados, contain this rare heptose. In the non-oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway, it is an intermediary in the respiratory and photosynthetic processes.