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Question: How many molecules of \(C{O_2}\) are present in one litre of air conditioning \[0.03\% \] by volume ...

How many molecules of CO2C{O_2} are present in one litre of air conditioning 0.03%0.03\% by volume of CO2C{O_2} at STP?
A.8.066×10108.066 \times {10^{10}}
B.8.066×10−108.066 \times {10^{ - 10}}
C.8.066×10−188.066 \times {10^{ - 18}}
D.8.066×10188.066 \times {10^{18}}

Explanation

Solution

Air is a mixture of gases as it contains nitrogen, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide. It refers to the earth’s atmosphere. There is also a very minute amount of water vapor in the air.
Formula used:
Moles = Volume22.4 litre = Number of molecules6.022×1023{\text{Moles = }}\dfrac{{{\text{Volume}}}}{{22.4{\text{ litre}}}}{\text{ = }}\dfrac{{{\text{Number of molecules}}}}{{{\text{6}}{\text{.022}} \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{23}}}}

Complete step by step answer:
The given volume of air is one litre. Carbon dioxide is 0.03 percent of the volume of the air. Hence the volume of carbon dioxide present in the given volume of air is as follows,
Volume of CO2= Percentage of CO2 × Volume of air = 0.03100×1=0.0003 litres{\text{Volume of C}}{{\text{O}}_2} = {\text{ Percentage of C}}{{\text{O}}_2}{\text{ }} \times {\text{ Volume of air = }}\dfrac{{0.03}}{{100}} \times 1 = 0.0003{\text{ litres}}
Hence, the volume of CO2C{O_2} is 0.00030.0003 litre.
The relation between the moles of carbon dioxide and its volume is as follows,
Moles = Volume of CO222.4 litre = 0.000322.4 = 0.00001339{\text{Moles = }}\dfrac{{{\text{Volume of C}}{{\text{O}}_2}}}{{22.4{\text{ litre}}}}{\text{ = }}\dfrac{{0.0003}}{{22.4}}{\text{ = 0}}{\text{.00001339}}
Molecules of carbon dioxide can be calculated through its moles and that can be done as follows,
Moles = Number of molecules of CO26.022×1023{\text{Moles = }}\dfrac{{{\text{Number of molecules of C}}{{\text{O}}_2}}}{{{\text{6}}{\text{.022}} \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{23}}}}
Number of molecules of CO2= 0.00001339×6.022×1023{\text{Number of molecules of C}}{{\text{O}}_2} = {\text{ 0}}{\text{.00001339}} \times {\text{6}}{\text{.022}} \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{23}}
⇒Number of molecules of CO2=0.0000806×1023=8.06×1018\Rightarrow {\text{Number of molecules of C}}{{\text{O}}_2} = 0.0000806 \times {10^{23}} = 8.06 \times {10^{18}}
The total number of carbon dioxide molecules is 8.06×1018{\text{8}}{\text{.06}} \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{18}}.

Therefore, the correct option is D.

Note:
Carbon dioxide is a colourless gas. Its density is higher than that of dry air. Atmospheric carbon dioxide is the main carbon source for life on the earth. Carbon dioxide is produced by all aerobic organisms. This is released when they metabolize organic compounds to produce energy by respiration. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is at low concentration. It is a greenhouse gas. Carbon dioxide in the solid form is known as dry ice. Carbon dioxide can also be found in the deposits of petroleum and natural gas. It possesses a sharp and acidic odour but at normal encountered concentrations, it is odourless. It is also produced during the fermentation of sugars in bread, beer, wine, etc.