Question

How is the skeleton of a bird well-suited for flying?

Answer 1

In birds, the wing is a paired forelimb. The birds' wings provide lift and allow them to fly. Terrestrial flightless birds have either decreased or no wings (for example, moa). Wings can be used as flippers in aquatic flightless birds (penguins). The forelimb of birds, like that of most other tetrapods, consists of the shoulder (with the humerus), forearm (with the ulna and radius), and hand. The majority of bird wings fit into one of four categories, with some falling in between two of them.

Complete answer:
To maintain equilibrium in the air, a bird's body is compact, dorsally robust, and ventrally heavy. Their wings are attached to the thorax, their light organs, such as the lungs and sacs, are positioned high, and their heavy muscles are positioned centrally, all of which aid in flying.
The birds' bodies are fashioned like a spindle to reduce air resistance during flight. This allows the birds to conserve energy and improve their flying efficiency.
The feathers are smooth, angled backwards, and tightly fitted, resulting in a streamlined body that reduces friction during flight. It reduces body weight and protects it from the effects of temperature changes in the surroundings.
The forelimbs are transformed into wings, which are the only organs that allow you to fly. Bones, muscles, nerves, feathers, and blood arteries make up the framework.
The wings are big and feature a lot of surface area. They also assist the flying bird. A thick, strong leading edge with a concave lower surface and convex higher surface is seen on the wings. This aids in the reduction of air pressure above and the increase of air pressure below. During flight, the bird can thus fly upward and forward.
The front section of a bird's body aids in taking off during flight. The anterior section of the body also aids in the landing of birds. On land, the hindlimbs assist with locomotion. They can support a bird's entire body weight. Long feathers on the tail spread out like a fan and act as a rudder while flying.
The flight muscles are controlled by well-developed muscles. The muscles of flying are striated. The wings have a lot of muscle. Other muscles assist the above-mentioned muscles in their functions. The skeleton of the birds is highly strong and light. The bones are hollow, containing air sacs inside.

Additional knowledge:
Elliptical wings are those with elliptical tips that meet in a conformal manner. For slower flying, high aspect ratio wings are utilised, which have a low wing loading and are much longer than they are wide. High-speed wings are short, pointed wings with a heavy wing loading and quick wingbeats that produce a high-speed, but energy-intensive, flight. Soaring wings with deep slots are the slots between the primaries at the end of the wings reduce generated drag and wingtip vortices by "absorbing" the energy in air travelling from the lower to upper wing surface at the tips, while the wings' shorter size facilitates take-off. Inland birds with broader wings, such as eagles, vultures, pelicans, and storks, prefer them.

Note:
One of the main adaptations for flying in birds is the absence of teeth and the presence of a beak. The forelimbs are transformed into wings, resulting in a more aerodynamic design. The wings of flying birds are moved by massive chest muscles. Birds have feathers that aid with flight. Long flight feathers on the wings and tail assist birds in maintaining balance and steering. Birds also have an air sac system in their bodies that connects to their lungs. Birds require more oxygen to release significant amounts of energy to propel themselves into the air.