Question

How is chemosynthesis and photosynthesis similar?
A. Both are found in hydrophytes
B. Both are associated with heterotrophy
C. Both are dependent on solar energy
D. Both are autotrophic mode of nutrition

Answer 1

Nutrition is the method of obtaining food or nutrients and utilizing them. Organisms consume food through various nutrition modes in order to acquire energy as well as resources for development and repair of damaged parts of the body. It is generally classified into two categories: autotrophic (organisms prepare food for themselves) and heterotrophic (organisms obtain food from other organisms).

Complete answer:
Autotrophs are organisms that are capable of making their own food using raw materials and resources. Therefore, they are also known as producers and some of the examples are plants, algae, and certain bacterias. Heterotrophs are regarded as the consumers as they consume producers or other consumers and some of the examples include dogs, birds, fishes, tigers, and humans.
Chemosynthesis is a mechanism where certain organisms use chemical energy instead of using light energy to generate food. In chemosynthesis, one or more carbon containing molecules and nutrients are converted into organic matter by using the oxidation of inorganic substances or ferrous ions as the energy supply, rather than sunlight which is used in photosynthesis.
In photosynthesis, the energy from sunlight is transformed into chemical energy by green plants and other organisms. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is absorbed and used to convert water, carbon dioxide and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.
Therefore, the answer is option D i.e., Both are autotrophic modes of nutrition.

Note: Several studies say that chemosynthesis may have been the first type of metabolism mechanism established on Earth, leading to the development of cellular respiration and photosynthesis later on.