Question

How is artificial selection similar to natural selection?

Answer 1

The differences that occur in the genotype of an organism that increases and improves the organism's probability of survival and procreation are carried on to the next generation, according to the process of natural selection.

Complete answer:
Evolution is defined as the process by which animals undergo heritable changes in their characteristics over time (transmitted from one generation to another). Many generations over thousands to millions of years are also required in order for evolutionary shifts to happen.

Natural selection is termed as a mechanism of an organism's adaptation to the evolving environment by the ruling of specific alterations to its genotype or genetic makeup.
Artificial selections, commonly termed as selective breeding, are the system with the help of which humans recognise desirable characteristics by the help of which animals and plants and use these characteristics to acquire favourable phenotypic characteristics by breeding.
With the help of artificial selection, it is possible to eradicate and completely extinct the disease of plant breeding and high yielding seeds can be developed. The development of a new colour in an animal breed is also possible. Nowadays genetic variation also takes place by artificial selection.
Horse and dog breeders chose the horses with desirable characteristics with the help of selective breeding to produce favourable traits.

There are three similarities in these two

1. In both of these, traits are inherited from parents.
2. They both result in change in genetic traits of organisms.
3. Both of these changes can occur and take place over many generations.

Note: Artificial selection takes place in animals by inbreeding, or out crossing. After selective breeding, the hybrids generated appear to have a greater vigour, called hybrid vigour. Often, however, such breeding can also lead to consistency deterioration.