Question

How does the process of fertilisation take place in flowers?

Answer 1

Fertilisation is the method of sexual reproduction in plants. It is defined as the union of pollen (male gametes) with the female gametes called the ovum. This leads to formation of diploid zygote. Fertilisation occurs after pollination.

Complete answer:
Male reproductive part of the Flower: The stamen is the male reproductive part of the flower. It consists of a pollen sac called the anther and a long filament.

Female reproductive part of the Flower: The female reproductive part of the flower is called the pistil. It consists of stigma which receives pollen, style or the long tube which is connected to the ovary where fertilisation takes place.
Steps of fertilisation:

1)The first step of fertilisation is pollination- The male gametes are carried away by the agents like wind, water animals and land on the stigma of the plant.
2)The next step is the germination- In this the pollen tube matures and enters the egg cell. 3)Through this tube the male gametes reach the egg.
4)The pollen tube containing male gamete enters the ovule.
5)The sperm travels through the pollen tube and fertilises the egg. One egg fertilised with the sperm to form a diploid zygote. In flowering plants, double fertilisation takes place in which the polar nuclei and the egg present in the ovule is fertilised. It results in the triploid cell.

6)The double fertilisation is very significant for the flowering plants. It results in the formation of endosperm which nourishes the growing embryo. It also increases the feasibility of the seeds.

Hence, the correct answer is option ()

Note: After fertilisation, the ovules develop into a seed. The seeds contain a tiny, undeveloped plant called the embryo. The ovules are surrounded by the ovules which develop into a fruit which contains one or more seeds.