Question

How does the phosphorus cycle move through abiotic and biotic factors?

Answer 1

Phosphorus is an important element for all living organisms. It forms a significant part of the structural framework of DNA and RNA. They are also an important component of ATP.

Complete answer:
The process by which phosphorus moves though the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere is known as the phosphorus cycle. Phosphorus and phosphorus-based compounds are usually found in solids on Earth. That is why, the atmosphere does not play a significant role.

Following are the important steps of phosphorus cycle:
-Weathering: Phosphorus is found in the rocks in abundance. Phosphate salts are broken down from the rocks and that is why the phosphorus cycle starts in the earth’s crust. These salts mix in the soil after they washed away into the ground.
-Absorption by plants: The phosphate salts get dissolve in water which are absorbed by the plants. However, there is a less amount of phosphorus present in the soil. For this reason, the farmers apply phosphate fertilizers on agricultural land. Inorganic phosphorus is absorbed by the aquatic plants from lower layers of water bodies. They affect plant growth in aquatic ecosystems as they do not dissolve in water properly.
-Absorption by animals: Phosphorus gets absorbed by the animals from the plants or by consuming plant-eating animals. Generally, the phosphorus cycle’s rate is faster in plants and animals when compared to rocks.
-Return to the Environment through Decomposition: The decomposition of dead plants and animals is done by microorganisms. During this process, phosphorus is recycled to soil and water when the organic form of phosphorus is converted into the inorganic form.
Finally, soil and water end up in sediments and rocks, which will again release phosphorus by weathering. Thus, the phosphorus cycle starts over.

Note: The phosphorus cycle reflects the harmonious interactions between organisms and their biotic and abiotic environments. This is disrupted by human beings, who may put excessive amounts of phosphorus into a particular ecosystem through fertilizer, sewage, or other means. This can result in eutrophication and decreased biodiversity.