Question

How does the organization of genetic material differ in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms?

Answer 1

Prokaryotic cells are kind of a primitive cells that mainly occurs in the unicellular organisms, and they do not possess nucleus, instead they contain a fragment of DNA, and the organelles are not bounded by the membranes, but when compared to the eukaryotic cells are present in all types of multicellular organisms such as plant and animal cells and they contains nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

Complete answer:

Prokaryotic organisms	Eukaryotic organisms.
They are usually unicellular	They can be unicellular or multicellular also
They are small in size	They are usually large in size.
They possess cell wall and their cell wall is very complex in nature	They sometimes possess cell walls and that also have simple structure.
Nucleotide is present in place of nucleus	They possess nuclei.
Their DNA is circular in nature.	Their DNA is linear in structure
They do not possess much of cell organelles but have cytoplasm	They have both cytoplasm and organelles.
They do not have mitochondria	They have mitochondria.
They have small sized ribosomes	They have large sized ribosomes.
These possess plasmids	These rarely possess plasmids.

Note: So it can be noted that prokaryotes are primitive cells compared to eukaryotes and in prokaryotes both transcription and translation takes place as couple, which means that translation begins at the time of synthesis of mRNA, but in eukaryotic cells, mRNA that is develop in nucleus and enters the cytoplasm where translation begins freshly.