Question

How does the octet rule affect periodic trends?

Answer 1

Hint : Octet rule states that every atom gets attached to another atom by accepting or donating electrons to get eight electrons in its outer shell which then we can say is a complete atom. This rule illustrates various chemical bonds such as covalent bond, electrovalent bond.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Chemical and physical properties. Octet rule says that an atom should have eight electrons in its outermost valence shell to become stable.
When an atom has eight electrons in the outermost shell it becomes stable which does not remain reactive that means it won’t react with other elements anymore.
But atoms receive this stage only after reacting with other atoms through covalent or ionic bonds. That is either by transferring electrons from cations to anions or by sharing electrons.
Elements in the periodic table exist in such way represented in such way that no reaction is taking place. With the help of the strength of every element's reactivity we can give certain results.
Consider, halogens or alkali elements they are extremely reactive whereas noble gases are stable. This pattern comes from periodic trends.

Note :
The Octet rule is also called a rule of thumb. As we know it is described as the ideal or stable configuration of an atom. As it is different for each element in the periodic table it results in forming a number of trends in the periodic table to give a particular pattern.