Question

How does polyploidy cause variation?

Answer 1

Polyploidy in simpler terms can be defined as possessing more than two homologous chromosomes allows for more recombination during meiosis, resulting in increased genetic diversity in offspring.

Complete answer:
Polyploidy is characterised by the presence of several sets of chromosomes. In animals, it is normally fatal. Polyploidy is a disorder in which a living being's cells contain more than two identical (homologous) sets of chromosomes. The majority of eukaryotes (cells with cores) are diploid, which means they have two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent. Regardless, a few creatures are polyploid, and polyploidy is especially important in plants.
Meiosis produces haploid gametes (eggs and sperm) in most eukaryotes, which have diploid significant cells. Monoploids have only one set of chromosomes, and the term is commonly used to describe cells or life forms that are normally haploid. Honey bees and other Hymenoptera, for example, have monoploid males. Plants and multicellular green development, unlike creatures, have life cycles of two exchanging multicellular ages. The haploid gametophyte stage produces gametes through mitosis, while the diploid sporophyte age produces spores through meiosis.
Polyploidy is characterised by the presence of several sets of chromosomes. This is normally fatal in animals. Plants, on the other hand, may often withstand polyploidy. Plants with double petals, for example, are often tetraploid, meaning they have four sets of chromosomes rather than two. Horticulturists use methods that intentionally induce polyploidy in order to produce new varieties.

Note:
People have triploidy, which has 69 chromosomes (sometimes referred to as 69, XXX), and tetraploidy, which has 92 chromosomes (now and then called 92, XXXX). Triploidy, which is commonly caused by polyspermy, occurs in 2–3 percent of all human births and $15\%$ of miscarriages. The vast majority of triploid conceptions result in an ineffective labour; those who do make it to term often die soon after birth.