Question

How does osmosis work?

Answer 1

Osmosis is a passive procedure that occurs without any energy consumption. It requires the passage of molecules from a higher concentration region to a lower concentration region before the concentrations on each side of the membrane become equal.

Complete answer:
The isotonic solution is one on each side of the membrane/cell that has the same solute concentration. A hypertonic solution is one that, relative to within, has a high concentration of solute outside the cell. The one that has a high concentration of solute within the cell relative to the outside is a hypotonic solution.

Types of Osmosis
Osmosis consists of two kinds:
Endosmosis-The solvent molecules travel within the cell when a substance is inserted in a hypotonic solution and the cell becomes turgid or undergoes deplasmolysis. This is considered as endosmosis.
Exosmosis- The solvent molecules pass outside the cell when a substance is inserted in a hypertonic solution and the cell becomes flaccid or undergoes plasmolysis. This is referred to as exosmosis.
Cells are affected by osmosis differently. When put in a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will lyse when opposed to a plant cell. There are dense walls in the plant cell and it requires more water. When they were put into a hypotonic solution, the cells did not burst. Actually, for a plant cell, a hypotonic solution is optimal.

Note: The plant cells are no longer turgid under an isotonic solution and the plant's leaves droop. By exerting an additional pressure on the sides of the solution, the osmotic flow can be halted or reversed, also called reverse osmosis. The osmotic pressure is considered the minimum pressure needed to avoid the transfer of the solvent.