Question

How does osmolarity affect blood pressure?

Answer 1

Osmolarity is termed as the amount of dissolved particles in any liquid or fluid. These dissolved particles, when referred for the human body, may be Na, K, Ca etc.

Complete step-by-step answer: Blood pressure is an important parameter to monitor the health of a person. It is the pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries. We know that high blood pressure is a serious problem and can lead to heart damage as it can cause heart failure in some cases.
Our blood contains sodium $N{{a}^{+}}$particles that are useful in the water absorption in our body. When we take osmolarity for blood we take it for sodium ions. The decreased $N{{a}^{+}}$ion in blood is a result of low blood pressure. When the amount of $N{{a}^{+}}$ion becomes more, we experience high blood pressure.
Higher osmolarity occur when there are more number of $N{{a}^{+}}$ion in unit volume of water or same particles of $N{{a}^{+}}$in less amount of water, while osmolarity of blood is low when there are less number $N{{a}^{+}}$ion in unit volume of water or same particles of $N{{a}^{+}}$in more amount of water.
When there is a large intake of $N{{a}^{+}}$ in less amount of water, our body reacts through osmoreceptors and detects high osmolarity that result in a higher amount of pressure of blood flow in the arteries.
Hence, when due to less amount of water, the osmolarity becomes high, the blood pressure increases.

Note: Heart patients are advised to avoid salty food, as it may increase the sodium intake which may affect the blood osmolarity that can result in a higher blood pressure.