Question

How does mitosis in animal cells differ from mitosis in higher plant cells?

Answer 1

Higher-order plant cells form a cell plate to separate the nucleus and cytoplasm into two identical cells after mitosis. In animal cells, motor proteins (actin and myosin) compress the cell membrane at a spot called the cleavage furrow.

Complete answer:
-Mitosis is a process of cell duplication or reproduction, during which one cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells.
-Simply, this term is used to describe the duplication and distribution of chromosomes, the structure that carries the genetic information.
-Plants are autotrophs containing chloroplasts and chlorophyll for photosynthesis. The abundant presence of chlorophyll gives green color to the plants.
-These cells have large vacuoles that help in the storage of water and the strengthening of the cell wall. Cellulose walls hold plants up as they grow towards the sun.
-Animals have bones to protect their organs and soft tissues of their body. Plants only have thorns on their own to escape, some plants have thorns in their outer cell wall to discourage grazing herbivores.
-A plant cell can divide asexually by mitosis into two identical cells under favorable conditions. The upside of mitosis has rapid growth.
-The downside has limited biodiversity, which is detrimental to survival under conditional changes.

Additional information:
Plant cell division:
-Plant cells from the cell plate and do not change the shape.
-Cell division is induced by cytokines and these lack centrosomes.
-The spindle is anastral and midbody formation is not identified here.
-Microfilaments are not involved in this division. Cell plates occur centrifugally.
-Mitotic cell division is found in meristems and gametes are not produced directly.

Animal cell division:
-Animal cells make a cleavage furrow and become round in shape.
-No hormone for the induction of the division is found and centrosomes are essential for the cell division.
-The spindle is amphiastral and midbody forms during cytokinesis.
-Microfilaments are involved in cytokinesis. Cleavage occurs centripetally.
-Mitotic cell division occurs in the bone marrow and many epithelia. Here gametes are produced directly.

Note: In animal cells, a cell membrane pinches inwards between the two developing nuclei to produce two new cells. In-plant cells, a cell plate forms between the two nuclei. Cytokinesis does not always occur; coenocytic cells undergo cell division without cytokinesis.