Question

How does electronegativity impact polarity of molecules?

Answer 1

As we know that electronegativity is basically the tendency of an atom to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself. It is found that Fluorine is the most electronegativity element.

Complete step by step answer:
- As we know that francium is the least electronegative element and fluorine is the most electronegative element. It is found that those elements that are having high electronegativity take electrons. And it helps the atoms to create partial negative regions and partial positive regions. This results in dipoles that cause polarity.
- Whereas, those elements having low values of electronegativity give electrons. Hence, we can say that the polarity of a molecule will be determined on the basis of the positive and negative regions on the outer atoms in the molecule.
- Let us discuss some examples. As we know that ${{H}_{2}}$ has two atoms, and these both atoms have the same value of electronegativity hence is polar.
- But in case of the compound HF, we can see it is found to be polar as the electrons are more towards F due to high electronegativity than compared to H having low electronegativity.

Note: - It is found that electronegativity is a dimensionless property, as it is only a tendency.
- As we know that when we move down the group in the periodic table, electronegativity value decreases. Whereas, electronegativity value basically increases as we move from left to the right side of the periodic table.