Question

How do you write the chemical equation (with state symbols) for the
Reaction? Which of these two reactants is the limiting reagent? How do you calculate the mass of carbon dioxide produced and the mass of the excess? Reactant left unreacted?
A $5.00g$ of solid copper $\left( II \right)$ carbonate was allowed to react with $1.17g$ of aqueous hydrochloric acid to give aqueous copper $\left( II \right)$ chloride water and carbon dioxide gas.

Answer 1

We can easily identify that the reaction here when metal carbonates reacts with hydrochloric acids it forms the metal chloride and carbon dioxide and water subsequently. In general we know that the acids react with metals carbonate to form correspondence salt, water and carbon-dioxide. Example: Hydrochloric Acid on recant with sodium carbonate forms sodium chloride, water and carbon dioxide.
$2HCl\text{ }+\text{ }N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}\text{ }\to \text{ }2NaCl\text{ }+\text{ }C{{O}_{2}}\text{ }+\text{ }{{H}_{2}}O$

Complete answer:
We know that a stoichiometric chemical reaction can be stated as one where the quantities provided of the Reactant and Product are in such a manner that all of the Reactant are consumed and remaining none after complete execution of reaction. Stoichiometry is used for measuring reactions that occur in corrosiveness process
$CuC{{o}_{3}}\left( s \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2HCl\left( aq \right)\text{ }\to \text{ }CuC{{l}_{2}}\left( aq \right)\text{ }+\text{ }{{H}_{2}}O\left( aq \right)\text{ }+\text{ }C{{O}_{2}}\left( g \right)\uparrow$
The above equations can simply determine that the mass and charge are always balanced.
To understand balanced term here we could simply have a labeled as $MC{{l}_{2}}\left( aq \right)$ is the Hexa Aqua Complex, ${{[{{(MC{{l}_{2}})}_{6}}]}^{2}}+2C{{l}^{-}}(aq)$ but given equations gives prediction of stoichiometric.
Moles of Copper Carbonate $=\left( \dfrac{5.00g}{123.56g/mol} \right)=0.0321mol$ , here hydrochloric acid is the limiting reagent and only $0.0161\text{ }mol\text{ }CuC{{l}_{2}}\left( aq \right)\text{, }C{{o}_{2}}\left( g \right)$ would produce.

Note: Note that the likewise the reaction takes place in between Bicarbonates when acid reacts on with bicarbonates not metal carbonates:Whenever acids reacts with bicarbonates it forms, water and salt with adequate amount of release of Carbon Dioxide and because of this adequate amount of release of carbon dioxide in a gaseous form the mixture generated here will be in form of foam as carbon dioxide produced here and the gaseous expands in volume.