Question

How do you predict the products in acid – base reactions?

Answer 1

When acid and base are reacted together, they basically neutralize the acid and base properties and reach the answer. In this question, we will use basic reactions to understand the concept. Acids are the substances that have the tendency to donate protons whereas bases are the substances that have the tendency to release hydroxide ions.

Complete answer:
The reaction of acid with base is known as acid – base reaction. In this, the cation $({{H}^{+}})$ of the acid combines with the anion $(O{{H}^{-}})$ of the base to form salt and water. The compound formed as a product due to the addition of cation of the base and anion of the acid is salt.
The acid donates a proton and forms a conjugate base and base accepts a proton and forms a conjugate acid. This reaction takes place in absence of light.
Let us take an example of Acid – base reaction:
$HCl+NaOH\to NaCl+{{H}_{2}}O$
Where $HCl$ is a strong acid and $NaOH$ is a strong base. In this reaction, the $HCl$ reacts with $NaOH$ and results in the formation of $NaCl$ and water.
This reaction is also known as neutralization reaction, where combination of ${{H}^{+}}$ ion with $O{{H}^{-}}$ ion takes place and results in the formation of water $({{H}_{2}}O)$

Additional information: The following are some properties of acid:
-Acids are good conductors of electricity.
-They are corrosive in nature.
-When acid reacts with metal, they produce hydrogen gas.
-$pH$ value of an acid is less than $7$
-Releases ${{H}^{+}}$ ions in aqueous solution.
The following are some properties of base:
-Bases are good conductors of electricity.
-They have soapy texture.
-Bases are bitter in taste.
-$pH$ value of a base is more than $7$
-Releases $O{{H}^{-}}$ ions in aqueous solution.

Note: To determine the $pH$ value of the solution, acid – base reaction is used. The salt is a product of all acid – base reactions. It has much importance in industrial chemistry and biochemical. Sulphuric acid is used in storage batteries whereas sodium hydroxide is used in manufacture of rayon.