Question

How do you graph the inequality $x + y < 3$ ?

Answer 1

First we need to draw the graph of the equation $x + y = 3$. We use intercept form to draw the graph. That is we find the coordinate of the given equation lying on the line of x- axis, we can find this by substituting the value of ‘y’ is equal to zero (x-intercept). Similarly we can find the coordinate of the equation lying on the line of y- axis, we can find this by substituting the value of ‘x’ equal to zero (y-intercept). After drawing the graph we can check in which region the inequality satisfies.

Complete step by step answer:
Given, $x + y < 3$. Now consider $x + y = 3$,
To find the x-intercept. That is the value of ‘x’ at$y = 0$. Substituting this in the given equation. We have,
$x + 0 = 3$
$\Rightarrow x = 3$
Thus we have a coordinate of the equation which lies on the line of x-axis. The coordinate is $(3,0)$. To find the y-intercept. That is the value of ‘y’ at $x = 0$. Substituting this in the given equation we have,
$0 + y = 3$
$\Rightarrow y = 3$
Thus we have a coordinate of the equation which lies on the line of the y-axis. The coordinate is $(0,3)$. Thus we have the coordinates $(3,0)$ and $(0,3)$. Let’s plot a graph for these coordinates.We take scale x-axis= 1 unit = 1 units and y-axis= 1 unit = 1 units.

We expanded the point touching the intercepts. We took a coordinate above and below the equation of line (see in above graph).
That is $(x,y) = (2,2)$ and now put it in the inequality,
$2 + 2 < 3$
$\Rightarrow 4 < 3$. Which is wrong.
Now take a coordinate below the equation of line,
That is $(x,y) = (1,1)$
$1 + 1 < 3$
$\Rightarrow 2 < 3$. Which is true.
In the above graph the shaded region is the solution of the given inequality.

Note: If we take any coordinate point below the line of the graph, the inequality satisfies. Also if we take a point on the line, the inequality won’t be satisfied. A graph shows the relation between two variable quantities, it contains two axes perpendicular to each other namely the x-axis and the y-axis. Each variable is measured along one of the axes. In the question, we are given one linear equation containing two variables namely x and y, x is measured along the x-axis and y is measured along the y-axis while tracing the given equations.