Question

How do you find volume in a titration question?

Answer 1

In acid-base titration, the formation of product is determined when the equivalence point is reached. At the equivalence point the number of moles of acid becomes equal to the number of moles of base. You can determine the equation by using the formula of molarity.

Complete step by step answer:
Titration is defined as a quantitative technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by adding a solution of known concentration. The solution which is added to another solution is known as titrant and the other solution in which the titrant is added is known as analyte.
There are many types of solution but we will consider here acid-base titration. In acid-base titration, neutralization reaction takes place where the acid reacts with the base to form salt.
The product formation is determined by the end point or the equivalence point. The equivalence point is determined by the change in color of the solution due to the added indicator to the solution.
At the equivalence point the number of moles of both the reactants becomes equal which means the number of moles of acid is equal to the number of moles of base.
When the concentration of both the reactant is known and the volume of the analyte solution is known, then the volume of the titrant solution can be determined by the relation shown below.
${n_1} = {n_2}$
As we know molarity is the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution, so the number of moles is written as molarity multiplied by the volume.
${M_1}{V_1} = {M_2}{V_2}$
Where,
${M_1}$ is the molarity of acid
${V_1}$ is the volume of acid
${M_2}$ is the molarity of base
${V_2}$ is the volume of base.
The volume of base can now be calculated as
${V_2} = \dfrac{{{M_1}{V_1}}}{{{M_2}}}$
This is how we can determine the volume in titration.

Note: You must know that this method is applied for only monoprotic acid and bases not for diprotic. The monoprotic acid means which can donate only one proton and the monoprotic base means which means it can accept only one proton. Example: HCl and NaOH.