Question

How do prokaryotes do aerobic respiration?

Answer 1

Aerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration process, which takes place in the presence of oxygen, producing energy from food. It is a type of chemical reaction, which transfers energy to cells. Carbon dioxide and water are waste products obtained from aerobic respiration. It requires oxygen and glucose and takes place in cytoplasm.

Complete answer:
Prokaryotes are single celled organisms, which lack true nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Though aerobic respiration takes place in mitochondria in eukaryotes, cytoplasm is the center for aerobic respiration for prokaryotes since they lack mitochondria.
Cellular respiration and normal respiration are different from one another. Normal respiration is a breathing process Cellular respiration is transfer of energy from food to ATP through the use of oxygen.
In a eukaryotic cell, respiration occurs in both mitochondria and cytoplasm and the electron transport chain is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. NADH produced during the glycolysis process has to be transported to mitochondria through a shuttle system. $2$ ATPs are consumed in this transport since it requires energy. In the case of a bacterial cell, the whole respiration process occurs in cytoplasm only as it is devoid of mitochondria. Here, no ATP is consumed for the transport of NADH. Hence, $38$ ATPs are produced from one molecule of glucose in prokaryotic cells, while $36$ ATPs are produced from a molecule of glucose.
Oxygen is the final electron acceptor for the aerobic respiration process. Glycolysis, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain are the steps involved in the respiration.

Note:
Aerobic respiration is a catabolic process as it is involved in breaking down glucose. Aerobic respiration takes place in aerobes and facultative aerobes. Four stages are involved in the process of aerobic respiration. Many prokaryotic organisms are facultatively anaerobic. Hence, depending on the availability of oxygen to cells, they usually switch between fermentation and aerobic respiration.