Question

How do prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ in protein synthesis?

Answer 1

Protein synthesis is called translation. It differs in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotes lack nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles.

Complete answer:

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN PROKARYOTES	PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN EUKARYOTES
It occurs even before the transcription process has completed.	It occurs in the cytoplasm after the transcription has completed.
mRNA is monocistronic.	mRNA is polycistronic.
Splicing of mRNA transcript does not occur.	Splicing of mRNA transcript occurs.
It is fast.	It is slow.
Capping and tailing does not take place.	Capping and tailing takes place.
There are no introns.	There are introns intervening the exons.
Ribosomes involved are 30s and 50s.	Ribosomes involved are 40s and 60s.
mRNA is unstable.	mRNA is stable.
3 initiation factors are required.	9 initiation factors are required.

Note: 1)Translation is asynchronous in eukaryotes.
2)Translation is synchronous in prokaryotes.