Question

How do muscle cells differ from nerve cells?

Answer 1

Muscle cells are found specifically in muscles and can be either voluntary or involuntary.
Nerve cells are functional units of the nervous system that are always involuntary.

Complete answer:

Muscle Cells (Myocytes)	Nerve Cells (Neurons)
Muscle cells are found specifically in muscles and possess the ability to shorten themselves due to the presence of motor proteins in them.	Nerve cells are functional units of the nervous system. They are granular cells and help in the transmission of nerve impulses throughout the body.
Can be long, striated, cylindrical and multinucleated.	Nerve cells are composed of cell body, dendrites and axon.
Can be voluntary or involuntary.	Are always involuntary
Muscle fibers or cells can divide.	Nerve fibers or cells cannot divide.
Muscle fibers show both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.	Nerve cells show only aerobic respiration.
There are three types of Muscle cells namely smooth muscles, cardiac muscles and skeletal muscles.	There are three types of nerve cells namely sensory neurons, motor neurons and mixed neurons.
Plasma membrane is called sarcolemma and cytoplasm is called sarcoplasm.	Plasma membrane is called neurilemma and cytoplasm is called neoplasm
Usually involved in locomotion or other body movements.	Nerve cells work to transport signals and coordinate different body activities.
Not the longest cells of the body.	Longest cells of the body.

Note: 1)Nerve cells are the longest cells in the body and they do not divide.
2)Muscle fibers show both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.