Question

How do domain archaea and domain bacteria differ?

Answer 1

Archaea and Bacteria both constitute the domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. The difference is based on habitat, cell wall, types, etc. E.g., for archaea are Methanogens and for bacteria are Escherichia coli.

Complete answer:
1)Archaea is a primordial group of prokaryotes that can give a different form of bacteria and eukaryotes domain based on its recognized characteristics.

2)Bacteria are unicellular organisms that form a group of organisms that have different shapes, structures, sizes, and habitats.

3)Based on habitat, Archaea found in extreme environments e.g., mountains, deep-sea, etc. And they are known as extremophiles.

4)Bacteria are found in different habitats e.g., soil, water, non-living organisms, etc.

5)Based on the cell wall, Archaea is composed of psuedopeptidoglycan, and Bacteria is composed of peptidoglycan.

6)Based on membrane lipid, Archaea are combined with ether bonds to glycerol, and Bacteria are combined with ester bonds to glycerol.

7)Based on types, Archaea are differentiated based on their characteristics like Methanogens, Thermophiles, and Halophiles.

8)Bacteria are differentiated based on gram staining as Gram-negative and Gram-positive.

9)Based on reproduction, Archaea includes fission, budding, and fragmentation and Bacteria reproduce by forming spores to survive in extreme conditions.

10)Example for Archaea domain: Thermosphaera aggregans and sulfolobus tokodaii

Example for Bacteria domain: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and salmonella Typhi.

Note: The word Archaea is derived from a Greek word I.e., archaios which indicates the primordial structure of organisms and bacteria are useful for many purposes like industrial use, medicinal use, antibiotics production, etc.