Question

How did Mendel cross-pollinate pea plants?

Answer 1

The small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum is most frequently known as the pea. There are several peas in every pod, which can be green or yellow. Since they contain seeds and develop from a flower's ovary, botanically, pea pods are fruit.

Complete answer:
Pollination is the transition of pollen from a plant's male part to a plant's female part. Inheritance in peas studied by Mendel (Pisum sativum). Mendel selected peas because they are easy to grow and can be sown every year because they have been used for similar studies. The male and female components of pea flowers are called stamen and stigma, and typically self-pollinate. Before the flowers open, self-pollination occurs, so progeny are formed from a single plant. By simply opening the flower buds to extract their pollen-producing stamen and avoid self-pollination and dusting pollen from one plant onto the stigma of another, peas may also be cross-pollinated by hand. Pollen from the stamen of 1 plant is moved to the stigma of another in order to cross-pollinate peas. Before the switch, to avoid self-pollination, the anthers must be removed from the recipient plant. Then Mendel crossed these pure-breeding plant lines and reported the characteristics of the hybrid progeny. He discovered that all the hybrids of the first generation (F1) looked like 1 parent plant. As he allowed the hybrid plants to self-pollinate, the secret characteristics would reappear in the hybrid plants of the second generation (F2).
So, this is how Mendel cross-pollinated pea plants.

Note:
Mendel was also experimenting to see what would happen if plants were crossbred with 2 or more pure-bred traits. He found that, independently of the other, each trait was inherited and developed its own 3:1 ratio. The principle of individual assortment is the Mendel ‘s concept of cross pollination.