Question

How can I balance neutralization reactions?

Answer 1

We know that for balancing neutralization reaction is always to balance the acid and bases as they will neutralize together to form water and this is balance the ${{H}^{+}}$ and $O{{H}^{-}}$ in reaction. For example, the neutralization reaction of $KOH$ and ${{H}_{3}}P{{O}_{4}}$ is given by:
$3KOH\text{ }+\text{ }{{H}_{3}}P{{O}_{4}}\text{ }\to \text{ }{{K}_{3}}P{{O}_{4}}\text{ }+\text{ }3\text{ }{{H}_{2}}O$

Complete step by step answer:
Firstly we mesmerize that we are not balancing reaction here because it happens spontaneously in the real world but we are balancing the equation of reaction to analyze the amount of reactant that is consumed and products are formed.

After that the acid molecule must act as a donor to donate as many hydrogen ions and as many as hydroxide ions we have in the base to acquire the same number of water molecules.

For example, if we neutralize sulphuric acid H2SO4 with aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3, we have three hydroxide ion as per bases formula and two hydrogen ion given as per acidic formula we should take three sulphuric acid from molecule per two aluminum hydroxide unit to make up as many as hydrogen ion i.e. Six as many hydroxide ion i.e. Six and obtain the same number of water molecules.

$3{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\text{ }+\text{ }2Al{{\left( OH \right)}_{3}}\to A{{l}_{2}}{{\left( S{{O}_{4}} \right)}_{3}}\text{ }+\text{ }6{{H}_{2}}O$

Note: The Arrhenius definition of acid is substance that increases the amount ${{H}^{+}}$ in aq solution.
- The Arrhenius definition of a base is a substance that increases the amount $O{{H}^{-}}$ in a solution.
- Neutralization is the reaction of acid and base that form water and salt.
- Net ionic equations for a neutralization reaction may include solid acid, solid base, solid salt, and water.