Question

How can a plant stem protect against grazing?

Answer 1

Numerous plants have impervious obstructions, for example, bark and waxy cuticles, or adaptations, for example, thorns and spines, to shield them from herbivores.

Complete answer:
In the event that herbivores break a plant's boundaries, the plant can react with optional metabolites, which are regularly poisonous compounds, for example, glycol cyanide, which may hurt the herbivore. When assaulted by a predator, harmed plant tissue discharges jasmonate hormones that advance the arrival of unpredictable compounds, pulling in parasitoids, which use, and inevitably slaughter, the predators as host insects.

Individuals will in general call any sharp members on a stem thorns. In herbal language, be that as it may, there are distinct arrangements of these sharp points. They are assembled by the plant material from which they create. Thorns are created from shoot material and prickle structure from the plant's epidermis and cortex (furthest layers).

Prickles are what roses have. Since they are expansions of the plant's external covering, prickles contain no vascular material as are simpler to eliminate than thorns or spines. Rose prickles, for the most part sickle-formed, empower rose plants to cling to other vegetation when developing over it. In any case, the thickly stuffed prickles on Rosa rugosa and Rosa pimpinellifolia, sandy soil roses, are straight.In nature, the reason for thorns and prickles is to shield plants from predators. Be that as it may, notwithstanding the presence of prickles, roses are as often as possible browsed by deer.
So, thorns and prickles serve as sharp things and are modifications of stem to deter the animals from grazing.

Note: The stem gives protection against grazing creatures when changed into thorns like in Duranta or bears prickles likes in Rose. Thorns and prickles are protective organs. In plant morphology, thistles and prickles are generally hard structures with sharp, solid finishes, with similar capacity of shielding plants from herbivorous creatures. Thorns are gotten from shoots and prickles are gotten from the epidermis.