Question

How are the magnitude of repulsion and the distance separating the molecules related?

Answer 1

The forces of attraction and repulsion that act between adjacent particles are known as intermolecular forces (atoms, molecules, or ions ). In comparison to intramolecular forces like covalent or ionic bonds between atoms in a molecule, these forces are weak.

Complete step by step solution:
The movement of two same or comparable charges is known as repulsion. The force that exists between two electrons (negative charge). Attraction is defined as a force that exists between two charges that are either similar or unlike. The two charges, each of a different kind, are drawn together. Magnetism is a force of attraction or repulsion that operates at a distance. The repulsive force gives rise to a metric that measures a system's changing gravitational mass. According to the force-based approach, the attraction and repulsive interactions between atoms arise from their subatomic arrangement and control atom behaviour.
Because the amount of repulsion increases as the distance between molecules shrinks, liquids and solids are difficult to compress. Molecules also have repulsion forces between them. Repulsion between the electron clouds and that between the nuclei of two molecules is activated when two molecules are brought into close proximity. As the distance between the molecules shrinks, the amount of the repulsion grows fast. This is why liquids and solids are difficult to compress. Because molecules in these states had previously been in close contact, they oppose additional compression, which would result in an increase in repulsive interactions.

Note:
Intermolecular Attractive Forces of Different Types:
Hydrogen bonding is an example of dipole-dipole forces, which are electrostatic interactions between permanent dipoles in molecules.
Ion-dipole forces are electrostatic interactions between one molecule's partly charged dipole and a fully charged ion.
Instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces, also known as London dispersion forces, are the weakest of intermolecular interactions and are classified as van der Waals forces. They are generated by correlated electron motions in interacting molecules.