Question

How are subatomic particles arranged in an atom according to the modern structure of atoms?

Answer 1

An atom consists of three basic particles: protons, electrons and neutrons. The modern structure of an atom gives information about the position of these three basic particles inside the atom.

Complete step by step solution: John Dalton proposed the modern structure of atoms. According to John Dalton atom is the smallest unit of matter which cannot be divided further. He considered atoms to be indivisible particles. After John Dalton many other scientists like J.J Thomson, Goldstein, Bohr and others proposed their model of atom.
Electrons are discovered by J.J Thomson in the year 1897.Mass of an electron is $9.107X{{10}^{-31}}kg$ and electrons have a unit negative charge.
Protons are discovered by E.Goldstein in the year 1836.Mass of a proton is $1.672X{{10}^{-27}}kg$ and protons have a unit positive charge.
Neutrons were discovered by James Chadwick in the year 1932.Mass of neutrons is $1.672X{{10}^{-27}}kg$ and neutrons carry no charge which means that it is neutral.
Orbits are the well-defined circular paths around the nucleus in which the electrons revolve. The electrons revolving in an orbit has fixed energy hence they do not lose energy while revolving around the nucleus. Atoms consist of subatomic particles which are electrons, protons and neutrons. There is a positive charge nucleus at the center of the atom, the fundamental particles protons and neutrons are present inside the nucleus. Electrons carry negative charge and revolve around the nucleus.

Note- There is an interesting fact that the nucleus of an atom is so small still the protons and neutrons are present together in the nucleus of the atom. The strong nuclear force holds the nucleons (neutrons and protons) together in the nucleus.