Question

How are RNA primers removed?

Answer 1

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that plays a variety of roles in biology, including gene coding, decoding, regulation, and expression. Nucleic acids include RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Nucleic acids are one of the four major macromolecules required for all known forms of life, alongside lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Complete Answer:
A primer is a short sequence of nucleic acids that serve as a starting point for DNA synthesis. Primers are short strands of RNA found in living organisms. Before DNA replication can begin, an enzyme called primase, which is a type of RNA polymerase, must first create a primer.
Because the enzymes that synthesize DNA, known as DNA polymerases, can only attach new DNA nucleotides to an existing strand of nucleotides, primer synthesis is required. As a result, the primer serves to prime and lay the groundwork for DNA synthesis.
Before DNA replication is completed, the primers are removed, and DNA polymerases fill in the gaps in the sequence with DNA. DNA primers with specific sequences that bind to sequences in a single-stranded DNA molecule can be designed and synthesized in the lab. These DNA primers are frequently used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to copy DNA fragments or for DNA sequencing.
For the formation of continuous lagging strands of DNA, the RNA primers must eventually be removed from the Okazaki fragments and replaced with DNA. DNA polymerase I and other enzymes RNase H are involved in the replication process and work together to replace RNA primers with DNA. After the primers have been substituted, the DNA ligase enzyme seals the remaining fragments.

Note:
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and DNA are polymeric molecules that play a variety of roles. Nucleic acids include RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Nucleic acids are one of the four major macromolecules required for all known forms of life, alongside lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.